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Factors which alter the depth of a TCA face peel.
Several factors may alter the depth of a TCA (trichloroacetic acid ) face peel. Probably the most important factor is the concentration of the peel. TCA peels are usually used in concentration varying from 15%-50%. The higher the concentration the deeper the peel.
If alcohol or acetone is used to degrease the skin right before the peel the chemical can penetrate more deeply.
The method of application also changes the depth of penetration. For example if the chemical is applied gently with a Q-tip the penetration is less deep than when it is applied vigorously by rubbing with gauze.
Agents that remove the keratin layer of the skin, keratolytics, also increase the depth of penetration. Common examples include alpha hydroxy solutions and Jessner's solution as well as liquid carbon dioxide. Retin A used before surgery will help remove the outer layer of skin and produce a more even penetration of the acid.
 Unlike some other types of peel, taping the skin does not increase the depth of the peel and may reduce penetration of the chemical. Topical anesthetic cream such as EMLA may also increase the depths of the peels and so a weaker peel solution is used.
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